One-inch graph paper
Inch squares, printed at true size. The standard working grid for planning a room, where one square stands for one foot.
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One square to one foot
The reason inch squares are the planning standard in the US is the scale they imply. Let one square equal one foot and a Letter sheet covers about 8 by 10 feet, which is a bedroom. Tape two sheets together and you have most of a ground floor. The arithmetic disappears, because you count squares instead of converting measurements, and counting is much harder to get wrong at the end of a long afternoon.
Measure the room before you draw anything
Rooms are rarely as square as they look. Measure each wall end to end, then measure the diagonals, because if the two diagonals differ the room is not rectangular and a drawing that assumes it is will mislead you about what fits in the corners. Note door swings and window positions as you go. A door needs about 30 inches of clear arc, and that arc is the single most common thing people forget until the furniture is already delivered.
When to go finer
Inch squares are coarse on purpose. If you need to place something to less than a foot, a kitchen counter run or a stair, use half-inch paper at one square to six inches, or work at quarter inch for detail drawings. For a whole floor at once, tabloid gives you 11 by 17 inches of grid, which covers a small house at one square to one foot without taping anything together.
Printing it accurately
This only measures correctly if your printer doesn't rescale the page. In the print dialog set Scale: 100%, not "Fit to page" or "Shrink oversized pages". If you're not sure it worked, print the calibration page, measure the ruler on it with a real ruler, and it will tell you exactly what your printer is doing to the page.